| Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of
Ameron International Corporation and all wholly - owned
subsidiaries (“Ameron” or the “Company”). All material
intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Reclassifications
Certain prior year balances have been reclassified to conform with
the current year presentation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make certain
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and
the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Significant estimates
include revenue and costs recorded under percentage of completion
accounting, assumptions related to benefit plans, goodwill, and
reserves associated with management incentives, receivables,
inventories, income taxes, self insurance and environmental and legal
contingencies. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue for the Performance Coatings & Finishes, Fiberglass -
Composite Pipe and Infrastructure Products segments is
recognized when risk of ownership and title pass, primarily at the
time goods are shipped, provided that an agreement exists between
the customer and the Company, the price is fixed or determinable
and collection is reasonably assured. In limited circumstances
within the Performance Coatings & Finishes Group, revenue
recognition associated with shipment of coatings for marine dry
dockings is delayed until product returns are processed. Revenue is
recognized for the Water Transmission Group primarily under the
percentage-of-completion method, typically based on completed
units of production, since products manufactured under
enforceable and binding construction contracts typically are
designed for specific applications, are not interchangeable between
projects, and are not manufactured for stock. In some cases, if
products are manufactured for stock or are not related to specific
construction contracts, revenue is recognized under the same
criteria used by the other three segments. Revenue under the
percentage-of-completion method is subject to a greater level of
estimation, which affects the timing of revenue recognition, costs
and profits. Estimates are reviewed on a consistent basis and are
adjusted periodically to reflect current expectations.
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs, which relate primarily to the
development, design and testing of products, are expensed as
incurred. Such costs, which are included in selling, general and
administrative expenses, were approximately $5,653,000 in 2003,
$4,356,000 in 2002, and $5,550,000 in 2001.
Environmental Clean-up Costs
The Company expenses environmental clean-up costs related to
existing conditions resulting from pastor current operations. The
Company determines its liability on a site-by-site basis and
records a liability at the time when assessments and / or
remediation are probable and can be reasonably estimated.
Income Taxes
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for
differences between the financial statement and income tax bases
of assets and liabilities. Such defer red income tax asset and
liability computations are based on enacted tax laws and rates
applicable to periods in which the differences are expected to
reverse. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred
income tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized.
Net Income Per Share
Basic net income per share is computed on the basis of the weighted
average number of common shares outstanding during the periods
presented. Diluted net income per share is computed on the basis of
the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus
the effect of outstanding stock options and restricted stock, using
the treasury stock method.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents represent liquid investments with maturities of
three months or less when purchased.
Inventory Valuation
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market with cost
determined principally on the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method.
Certain steel inventories used by the Water Transmission Group
are valued using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method. Reserves are
established for excess, obsolete and rework inventories based on
age, estimates of salability and forecasted future demand.
Joint Ventures
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures or affiliates (“joint
ventures”) over which t he Company has significant influence are
accounted for under the equity method of accounting, whereby the
investment is carried at the cost of acquisition, plus the Company’s
equity in undistributed earnings or losses since acquisition. Investments in joint ventures over which t he Company does not
have the ability to exert significant influence over the investee’s
operating and financing activities are accounted for under the cost
method of accounting. The Company’s investment in TAMCO is
accounted for under the equity method. Investments in Ameron
Saudi Arabia, Ltd., Bondstrand, Ltd. and Oasis-Ameron, Ltd. are
accounted for under the cost method due to management’s current
assessment of the Company’s influence over these joint ventures.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Items capitalized as property, plant and equipment, including
improvements to existing facilities, are recorded at cost. Construction
in progress represents capital expenditures incurred for assets not yet
placed in service. Capitalized interest was not material for the periods
presented.
Depreciation is computed principally using the straight-line
method based on estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold
improvements are amortized over the shorter of the life of the
improvement or the term of the lease. Useful lives are as follows:
|
Useful Lives in Years |
|
| Buildings |
10-40 |
| Machinery and equipment |
|
| |
Autos, trucks and trailers |
2-15 |
| |
Cranes and tractors |
7-10 |
| |
Manufacturing equipment |
3-15 |
| |
Other |
2-20 |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over periods
ranging from three to 15 years.
The cost of an acquired business is allocated to the net assets
acquired based on the estimated fair values at the date of acquisition.
The excess of the cost of an acquired business over the aggregate fair
value is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is not amortized, but instead
tested for impairment at least annually. Such tests require
management to make estimates about future cash flows and other
factors to determine the fair value of the respective assets. Prior to
2003, goodwill was amortized using the straight-line method over
periods ranging up to 40 years.
The Company reviews the recoverability of intangible and other
long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets may
not be recoverable. If the estimated future, undiscounted cash flows
from the use of an asset are less than its carrying value, a writedown
is recorded to reduce the related asset to estimated fair value.
Self Insurance
The Company typically utilizes third party insurance subject to
varying retention levels or self insurance. The Company is self
insured for a portion of the losses and liabilities primarily
associated with workers’ compensation claims and general,
product and vehicle liability. Losses are accrued based upon the
Company’s estimates of the aggregate liability for claims incurred
using historical experience and certain actuarial assumptions
followed in the insurance industry. The estimate of self insurance
liability includes an estimate of incurred but not reported claims,
based on data compiled from historical experience.
Foreign Currency Translation
The functional currencies for the Company’s foreign operations
are the applicable local currencies. The translation from the
applicable foreign currencies to U.S. dollars is performed for
balance sheet accounts using current exchange rates in effect at
the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts
using a weighted-average exchange rate during the period. The
resulting translation adjustments are recorded in accumulated
other comprehensive loss. The Company advances funds to
certain foreign subsidiaries that are not expected to be repaid in
the foreseeable future. Translation adjustments arising from these
advances are also included in accumulated other comprehensive
loss. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions
are included in other income.
Derivative Financial Instruments and Risk Management
The Company operates internationally, giving rise to exposure to
market risks from changes in foreign exchange rates. Derivative
financial instruments, primarily foreign exchange contracts, are
used by the Company to reduce those risks. The Company does
not hold or issue financial or derivative financial instruments for
trading or speculative purposes. As of November 30, 2003 and
2002 the Company had foreign currency forward contracts with
an aggregate face value of approximately $9,367,000 and
$6,623,000, respectively.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value of financial instruments,other than long-term debt,
approximates the carrying value because of the short-term nature
of such instruments.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that subject the Company to credit risk
consist primarily of cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, and
forward foreign exchange contracts. Credit risk with respect to trade
accounts receivable is generally distributed over a large number of
entities comprising the Company’s customer base and is
geographically dispersed. The Company performs ongoing credit
evaluations of its customers, maintains an allowance for potential
credit losses and, in certain instances, maintains credit insurance. The Company actively evaluates the credit worthiness of the
financial institutions with which it conducts business.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company recognizes compensation expense associated with
stock-based awards under the recognition and measurement
principles of Accounting Principles Board (“A P B”) No. 25,
“Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees”, and related
interpretations. Accordingly, compensation cost is measured by the
excess of the quoted market price of the stock over the option price on
the grant date. No compensation expense associated with a stock-based
award is recorded if the stock option exercise price equals the
market price of the Company’s stock on the date of the grant.
In December 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board
( “FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
(“SFAS”) No. 148, “Accounting for Stock - Based Compensation -
Transition and Disclosures.” SFAS No. 148 amends SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,”and provides alternative
methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair-value-based
method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. SFAS
No. 148 also amends the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123 to
include pro forma presentation of net income and earnings per share
as if the Company recorded compensation expense based on the fair
value of stock-based awards. The Company has adopted the
disclosure-only provisions of SFAS No. 123. (See Note 12.)
Accounting Changes
Effective December 1, 2002, the Company adopted SFAS No. 142,
“Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” In accordance with SFAS
No. 142, goodwill is no longer amortized, but instead tested for
impairment at least annually. Prior to 2003, goodwill was amortized
using the straight-line method over its estimated period of benefit.
Effective December 1, 2002, the Company adopted SFAS No. 143,
“Accounting for Asset Retirement obligations.” The standard
applies to legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived
assets that result from the acquisition , construction,
development and/or normal use of the assets. The statement
requires that the fair value of the liability for an asset retirement obligation be recorded when incurred if a reasonable estimate of
fair value can be made. The fair value of the liability is added to
the carrying amount of the associated asset and this additional
carrying amount is depreciated over the life of the asset. If the
liability is settled for an amount other than the recorded balance,
either a gain or loss will be recognized at settlement.The adoption
of SFAS No. 143 did not have a material impact on the Company’s
consolidated financial statements.
Effective December 1, 2002, the Company adopted SFAS No. 144,
“Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.” SFAS No. 144
addresses financial accounting and reporting for the Impairment or disposal of long-lived assets, provides guidance on
implementation issues related to SFAS No. 121,“Accounting for the
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be
Disposed Of,” and addresses the accounting for a segment of a
business accounted for as a discontinued operation. The adoption
of SFAS No. 144 did not have a material impact on the Company’s
consolidated financial statements.
Effective December 1, 2002, the Company adopted SFAS No. 145,
“Rescission of FASB Statements No. 4, 44 and 64, Amendment of
FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical Corrections.” SFAS No. 145
rescinds both SFAS No. 4, “Reporting Gains and Losses from
Extinguishment of Debt” and SFAS No. 64, “Extinguishments of
Debt Made to Satisfy Sinking-Fund Requirements.” In so doing,
SFAS No. 145 eliminates the requirement that gains and losses
from the Extinguishment of debt be aggregated, and, if material,
classified as an extraordinary item, net of the related income tax
effect, unless the criteria in APB Opinion No. 30, “Reporting the
Results of Operations-Reporting the Effects of Disposal of a
Segment of a Business, and Extraordinary, Unusual and
Infrequently Occurring Events and Transactions” are met. SFAS
No. 145 amends SFAS No. 13, “Accounting for Leases,” to require
that certain lease modifications that have economic effects similar
to sale-leaseback transactions are accounted for in the same
manner as sale-lease back transactions. The adoption of SFAS No.
145 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated
financial statements.
The Company adopted SFAS No. 146, “Accounting for Exit or
Disposal Activities,” during the quarter ended February 28, 2003.
SFAS No. 146 addresses issues regarding the recognition,
measurement and reporting of costs that are associated with exit
and disposal activities, including restructuring activities that are
currently accounted for pursuant to the guidance that the Emerging
Issues Task Force has set forth in Issue No. 94-3, “Liability
Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits and Other
Costs to Exit an Activity (including Certain Costs Incurred in a
Restructuring).”The provisions of SFAS No. 146 are effective for Exit or disposal activities that are initiated after December 31, 2002. The
adoption of SFAS No. 146 did not have a material impact on the
Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In November 2002, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation (“FIN”) No.
45, “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for
Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of
Others.” FIN No. 45 elaborates on the disclosures to be made by a
guarantor about its obligations under certain guarantees. FIN No. 45
also clarifies that a guarantor is required to recognize, at the
inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of the obligation
undertaken in issuing the guarantee. FIN No. 45 specifically
identifies certain obligations that are excluded from the provisions
related to recognizing a liability at inception; however, these
guarantees are subject to the disclosure requirements of FIN No. 45.
The initial recognition and measurement provisions of FIN No. 45
are applicable on a prospective basis to guarantees issued or
modified after December 31, 2002. The Company’s disclosure of
guarantees is included in Note 7, herein. The adoption of the
recognition and measurement provisions of FIN No. 45 did not have
a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial
statements.
New Accounting Pronouncements
FIN No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” was issued
in January 2003 and revised in December 2003. FIN clarifies the
application of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, “Consolidated
Financial Statements,” and addresses consolidation by business
enterprises of variable interest entities. FIN No. 46 requires existing
unconsolidated variable interest entities to be consolidated by their
primary beneficiaries if the entities do not effectively disperse risk
among the parties involved. FIN No. 46 also enhances the disclosure
requirements related to variable interest entities. This statement is
effective for the Company for variable interest entities in the quarter
ending May 31, 2004. The adoption of FIN No. 46 is not expected to
have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial
statements.
In April 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 149, “Amendment of
Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.”
SFAS No. 149 amends and clarifies financial accounting and
reporting for derivative instruments under SFAS No. 133,
“Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.”
SFAS No. 149 requires that contracts with comparable
characteristics be accounted for similarly. In particular, SFAS No.
149 (1) clarifies under what circumstances a contract with an
initial net investment meets the characteristic of a derivative
discussed in paragraph 6(b) of Statement No. 133, (2) clarifies
when a derivative contains a financing component, (3) amends
the definition of an underlying to conform it to language used in
FIN No. 45,“Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements
for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of
Others,” and (4) amends certain other existing pronouncements.
SFAS No. 149 will result in more consistent reporting of contracts
as either derivatives or hybrid instruments. SFAS No. 149 is
effective prospectively for contracts entered into or modified after June 30, 2003, except in certain circumstances, and for hedging
relationships designated after June 30, 2003. The adoption of SFAS
No. 149 did not have a material impact on the Company’s
consolidated financial statements.
On May 15, 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, “Accounting for
Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both
Liabilities and Equity,” which was effective May 31, 2003 for all
new and modified financial instruments. SFAS No. 150 changes
the accounting for certain financial instruments that, under
previous guidance, issuers could account for as equity. SFAS No.
150 requires that those instruments be classified as liabilities (or
assets in some circumstances). The adoption of SFAS No. 150 did
not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated
financial statements.
| Supplemental Cash Flow Information |
| (In thousands) |
2003 |
2002 |
2001 |
|
| Interest paid |
$ 4,997 |
$ 6,996 |
$ 10,810 |
| Income taxes paid |
10,268 |
8,457 |
15,939 |
|