Notes One: SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIESPrinciples of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of
Ameron International Corporation and all wholly - owned
subsidiaries (“Ameron” or the “Company”). All material
intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Reclassifications
Certain prior year balances have been reclassified to conform with
the current year presentation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make certain
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and
the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Significant estimates
include revenue and costs recorded under percentage of completion
accounting, assumptions related to benefit plans, goodwill, and
reserves associated with management incentives, receivables,
inventories, income taxes, self insurance and environmental and legal
contingencies. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue for the Performance Coatings & Finishes, Fiberglass -
Composite Pipe and Infrastructure Products segments is
recognized when risk of ownership and title pass, primarily at the
time goods are shipped, provided that an agreement exists between
the customer and the Company, the price is fixed or determinable
and collection is reasonably assured. In limited circumstances
within the Performance Coatings & Finishes Group, revenue
recognition associated with shipment of coatings for marine dry
dockings is delayed until product returns are processed. Revenue is
recognized for the Water Transmission Group primarily under the
percentage-of-completion method, typically based on completed
units of production, since products manufactured under
enforceable and binding construction contracts typically are
designed for specific applications, are not interchangeable between
projects, and are not manufactured for stock. In some cases, if
products are manufactured for stock or are not related to specific
construction contracts, revenue is recognized under the same
criteria used by the other three segments. Revenue under the
percentage-of-completion method is subject to a greater level of
estimation, which affects the timing of revenue recognition, costs
and profits. Estimates are reviewed on a consistent basis and are
adjusted periodically to reflect current expectations.
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs, which relate primarily to the
development, design and testing of products, are expensed as
incurred. Such costs, which are included in selling, general andadministrative expenses, were approximately $5,645,000 in 2004,$5,653,000 in 2003, and $4,356,000 in 2002.
Environmental Clean-up Costs
The Company expenses environmental clean-up costs related to
existing conditions resulting from pastor current operations. The
Company determines its liability on a site-by-site basis and
records a liability at the time when assessments and/or
remediation are probable and can be reasonably estimated.
Income Taxes
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for
differences between the financial statement and income tax bases
of assets and liabilities. Such defer red income tax asset and
liability computations are based on enacted tax laws and rates
applicable to periods in which the differences are expected to
reverse. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred
income tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized.
Net Income Per Share
Basic net income per share is computed on the basis of the weighted
average number of common shares outstanding during the periods
presented. Diluted net income per share is computed on the basis of
the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus
the effect of outstanding stock options and restricted stock, using
the treasury stock method.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents represent liquid investments with maturities of
three months or less when purchased.
Inventory Valuation
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market with cost
determined principally on the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method.
Certain steel inventories used by the Water Transmission Group
are valued using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method. Reserves are
established for excess, obsolete and rework inventories based on
age, estimates of salability and forecasted future demand.
Joint Ventures
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures or affiliates (“joint
ventures”) over which t he Company has significant influence are
accounted for under the equity method of accounting, whereby the
investment is carried at the cost of acquisition, plus the Company’s
equity in undistributed earnings or losses since acquisition. Investments in joint ventures over which t he Company does not
have the ability to exert significant influence over the investee’s
operating and financing activities are accounted for under the cost
method of accounting. The Company’s investment in TAMCO is
accounted for under the equity method. Investments in Ameron
Saudi Arabia, Ltd., Bondstrand, Ltd. and Oasis-Ameron, Ltd. are
accounted for under the cost method due to management’s current
assessment of the Company’s influence over these joint ventures.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Items capitalized as property, plant and equipment, including
improvements to existing facilities, are recorded at cost. Construction
in progress represents capital expenditures incurred for assets not yet
placed in service. Capitalized interest was not material for the periods
presented.
Depreciation is computed principally using the straight-line
method based on estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold
improvements are amortized over the shorter of the life of the
improvement or the term of the lease. Useful lives are as follows:
|
Useful Lives in Years |
|
| Buildings |
10-40 |
| Machinery and equipment |
|
| |
Autos, trucks and trailers |
3-8 |
| |
Cranes and tractors |
5-15 |
| |
Manufacturing equipment |
3-15 |
| |
Other |
2-20 |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over periods
ranging from three to 15 years.
The cost of an acquired business is allocated to the net assets
acquired based on the estimated fair values at the date of acquisition.
The excess of the cost of an acquired business over the aggregate fair
value is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is not amortized, but instead
tested for impairment at least annually. Such tests require
management to make estimates about future cash flows and other
factors to determine the fair value of the respective assets. Prior to
2003, goodwill was amortized using the straight-line method over
periods ranging up to 40 years.
The Company reviews the recoverability of intangible and other
long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets may
not be recoverable. If the estimated future, undiscounted cash flows
from the use of an asset are less than its carrying value, a writedown
is recorded to reduce the related asset to estimated fair value.
Self Insurance
The Company typically utilizes third party insurance subject to
varying retention levels or self insurance. The Company is self
insured for a portion of the losses and liabilities primarily
associated with workers’ compensation claims and general,
product and vehicle liability. Losses are accrued based upon the
Company’s estimates of the aggregate liability for claims incurred
using historical experience and certain actuarial assumptions
followed in the insurance industry. The estimate of self insurance
liability includes an estimate of incurred but not reported claims,
based on data compiled from historical experience.
Foreign Currency Translation
The functional currencies for the Company’s foreign operations
are the applicable local currencies. The translation from the
applicable foreign currencies to U.S. dollars is performed for
balance sheet accounts using current exchange rates in effect at
the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts
using a weighted-average exchange rate during the period. The
resulting translation adjustments are recorded in accumulated
other comprehensive loss. The Company advances funds to
certain foreign subsidiaries that are not expected to be repaid in
the foreseeable future. Translation adjustments arising from these
advances are also included in accumulated other comprehensive
loss. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions
are included in other income.
Derivative Financial Instruments and Risk Management
The Company operates internationally, giving rise to exposure to market
risks from changes in foreign exchange rates. Derivative
financial instruments, primarily foreign exchange contracts, are used
by the Company to reduce those risks. The Company does
not hold or issue financial or derivative financial instruments for trading
or speculative purposes. As of November 30, 2004 and
2003 the Company had foreign currency forward contracts with an aggregate
face value of approximately $9,774,000 and
$9,367,000, respectively.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value of financial instruments,other than long-term debt,
approximates the carrying value because of the short-term nature
of such instruments.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that subject the Company to credit risk
consist primarily of cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, and
forward foreign exchange contracts. Credit risk with respect to trade
accounts receivable is generally distributed over a large number of
entities comprising the Company’s customer base and is
geographically dispersed. The Company performs ongoing credit
evaluations of its customers, maintains an allowance for potential
credit losses and, in certain instances, maintains credit insurance. The Company actively evaluates the credit worthiness of the
financial institutions with which it conducts business.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company recognizes compensation expense associated with
stock-based awards under the recognition and measurement
principles of Accounting Principles Board (“A P B”) No. 25,
“Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees”, and related
interpretations. Accordingly, compensation cost is measured by the
excess of the quoted market price of the stock over the option price on
the grant date. No compensation expense associated with a stock-based
award is recorded if the stock option exercise price equals the
market price of the Company’s stock on the date of the grant.
In December 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ( “FASB”)
issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”)
No. 148, “Accounting for Stock - Based Compensation - Transition
and Disclosures.” SFAS No. 148 amends SFAS No. 123, “Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation,”and provides alternative methods of
transition for a voluntary change to the fair-value-based method of accounting
for stock-based employee compensation. SFAS No. 148 also amends the disclosure
requirements of SFAS No. 123 to include pro forma presentation of net
income and earnings per share as if the Company recorded compensation
expense based on the fair value of stock-based awards. The Company has
adopted the disclosure-only provisions of SFAS No. 123. (See Note 12.)
New Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued FASB
Interpretation ("FIN") No. 46-R,"Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,"
to replace FIN No. 46. FIN No. 46-R addresses the consolidation of business
enterprises ("variable interest entities") to which the usual condition
(ownership of a majority voting interest) of consolidation does not apply.
FIN No. 46-R focuses on financial interests that indicate control. It
concludes that in the absence of clear control through voting interests
or sufficient equity, a company's exposure ("variable interest") to the
economic risks and potential rewards from the variable interest entity's
assets and activities are the best evidence of control. Variable interests
are rights and obligations that convey economic gains or losses from changes
in the values of the variable interest entity's assets and liabilities.
Variable interests may arise from financial instruments, service contracts,
nonvoting ownership interests and other arrangements. If an enterprise
holds a majority of the variable interests of an entity, it would be considered
the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is required to consolidate
the assets, liabilities and the results of operations of the variable
interest entity in its financial statements. The adoption of FIN No. 46-R
did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial
statements.
In December 2003, the FASB issued a revision to SFAS No. 132, "Employers' Disclosures
about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits." The revision to SFAS
No. 132 requires additional disclosures relating to the description of
the types of plan assets, investment strategy, measurement dates, plan
obligations, cash flows, and components of net periodic benefit cost of
defined benefit pension plans and other defined benefit postretirement
plans recognized during interim periods. These disclosure requirements
are effective for the Company for the year ended November 30, 2004. Disclosures
required under SFAS No. 132 are included in Note 15 of the Notes to the
Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company's 2004 Annual Report.
In January 2004, the FASB issued a FASB Staff Position ("FSP") regarding SFAS
No. 106, "Employers' Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than
Pensions." FSP 106-1, "Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related
to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of
2003," discusses the effect of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement
and Modernization Act ("the Act") enacted on December 8, 2003. FSP 106-1
considers the effect of the two new features introduced in the Act in
determining accumulated postretirement benefit obligation ("APBO") and
net periodic postretirement benefit cost, which may serve to reduce a
company's post-retirement benefit costs. Companies may elect to defer
accounting for this benefit or may attempt to reflect the best estimate
of the impact of the Act on net periodic costs currently. The Company
has chosen to defer accounting for the benefit until the FASB issues final
accounting guidance due to various uncertainties related to this legislation
and the appropriate accounting. The Company's measures of APBO and net
periodic postretirement benefit costs as of and for the periods ended
November 30, 2004 do not reflect the effect of the Act.
In May 2004, the FASB issued a second FSP regarding SFAS No. 106. FSP 106-2,"Accounting
and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription Drug,
Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003," discusses the effect of the
Act. FSP 106-2 considers the effect of the two new features introduced
in the Act in determining APBO and net periodic postretirement benefit
cost, which may serve to reduce a company's post retirement benefit costs. The adoption of FSP 106-2 did not have a material impact
on the Company's financial position or results of operations.
In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151,"Inventory Costs," which clarifies
the accounting for abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight,
handling costs and wasted material. SFAS No. 151 will be effective for
inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15,
2005. The adoption of SFAS No. 151 is not expected to have a material
impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), "Share-Based Payments."
SFAS No. 123(R) would require the Company to measure all employee stock-based
compensation awards using a fair-value method and record such expense
in its consolidated financial statements. The adoption of SFAS No. 123(R)
will require additional accounting related to the income tax effects and
additional disclosure regarding the cash flow effects resulting from share-based
payment arrangements. SFAS No. 123(R) is effective beginning in the quarter
ending November 30, 2005. The effect of the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R)
is expected to be comparable to the effect disclosed on a pro forma basis
as a result of applying the current fair value recognition provisions
of SFAS No. 123 as shown in Note 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements in the Company's 2004 Annual Report.
| Supplemental Cash Flow Information |
| (In thousands) |
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
|
| Interest paid |
$ 6,509 |
$ 4,997 |
$ 6,996 |
| Income taxes paid |
6,103 |
10,268 |
8,457 |
|