Note 1: SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIESPrinciples of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of
Ameron International Corporation and all wholly-owned
subsidiaries ("Ameron" or the "Company"). All material
intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Reclassifications
Certain prior-year balances have been reclassified to conform with
the current-year presentation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires Management to make certain
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and
the reported amounts of revenues and expenses.Significant estimates
include revenue and costs recorded under percentage-of-completion
accounting, assumptions related to benefit plans and reserves
associated with management incentives, receivables, inventories,
income taxes, self insurance and environmental and legal
contingencies.Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue for the Fiberglass-Composite Pipe and Infrastructure
Products segments is recognized when risk of ownership and title
pass, primarily at the time goods are shipped, provided that an
agreement exists between the customer and the Company, the price
is fixed or determinable and collection is reasonably assured.
Revenue is recognized for the Water Transmission Group primarily
under the percentage-of-completion method, typically based on
completed units of production, since products are manufactured
under enforceable and binding construction contracts, are typically
designed for specific applications, are not interchangeable between
projects, and are not manufactured for stock. In those cases in
which products are manufactured for stock or are not related to
specific construction contracts, revenue is recognized under the
same criteria used by the other two segments. Revenue under the
percentage-of-completion method is subject to a greater level of
estimation, which affects the timing of revenue recognition, costs
and profits. Estimates are reviewed on a consistent basis and are
adjusted periodically to reflect current expectations. Costs
attributable to unpriced change orders are treated as costs of
contract performance in the period, and contract revenue is
recognized if recovery is probable. Disputed or unapproved change
orders are treated as claims. Recognition of amounts of additional
contract revenue relating to claims occurs when amounts have been
received or awarded with recognition based on the percentage-ofcompletion
methodology.
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs, which relate primarily to the
development, design and testing of products, are expensed as
incurred. Such costs, which are included in selling, general and
administrative expenses, were $6,723,000 in 2008, $5,724,000 in
2007, and $5,790,000 in 2006.
Environmental Clean-up Costs
The Company expenses environmental clean-up costs related to
existing conditions resulting from past or current operations on a
site-by-site basis. Liabilities and costs associated with these
matters, as well as other pending litigation and asserted claims
arising in the ordinary course of business, require estimates of
future costs and judgments based on the knowledge and
experience of Management and the Company’s legal counsel.
When the Company's exposures can be reasonably estimated and
are probable, liabilities and expenses are recorded.
Income Taxes
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for
differences between the financial statement and income tax bases
of assets and liabilities. Such deferred income tax asset and
liability computations are based on enacted tax laws and rates
applicable to periods in which the differences are expected to
reverse. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred
income tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized.
The Company is subject to income taxes in the U.S. and in
numerous foreign jurisdictions. Judgments, estimates and
assumptions are required in determining tax return reporting
positions and in calculating provisions for income taxes, which
are based on interpretations of tax regulations and accounting
pronouncements. Liabilities are established for uncertain tax
positions when it is more likely than not that such positions will
be challenged and may not be sustained upon review by taxing
authorities. These liabilities are established through the income
tax provisions and are recorded as liabilities on the consolidated
balance sheets. These liabilities are recalculated as governing laws
and facts and circumstances change, such as the closing of a tax
audit or the expiration of the statute of limitations for a specific
exposure.
Net Income Per Share
Basic net income per share is computed on the basis of the
weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during
the periods presented. Diluted net income per share is computed on
the basis of the weighted-average number of common shares
outstanding plus the effect of outstanding stock options and
restricted stock, using the treasury stock method. Following is a
reconciliation of the weighted-average number of shares used in the
computation of basic and diluted net income per share:
| (In thousands, except per share data) |
2008 |
2007 |
2006 |
| Numerator: |
|
|
|
| Income from continuing operations |
$ 58,592 |
$ 61,140 |
50,060 |
| Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes |
- |
6,099 |
2,140 |
| Net income |
$ 58,592 |
$ 67,239 |
52,200 |
| Denominator for basic income per share: |
|
|
|
| Weighted-average shares outstanding, basic |
9,124,557 |
9,029,487 |
8,731,839 |
| Denominator for diluted income per share: |
|
|
|
| Weighted-average shares outstanding, basic |
9,124,557 |
9,029,487 |
8,731,839 |
| Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock |
44,499 |
61,359 |
139,856 |
| Weighted-average shares outstanding, diluted |
9,168,056 |
9,090,846 |
8,871,695 |
| Basic net income per share: |
|
|
|
| Income from continuing operations |
$ 6.42 |
$ 6.77 |
5.73 |
| Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes |
- |
.68 |
.25 |
| Net income |
$ 6.42 |
$ 7.45 |
5.98 |
| Diluted net income per share: |
|
|
|
| Income from continuing operations |
$ 6.39 |
$ 6.73 |
5.64 |
| Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes |
- |
.67 |
.24 |
| Net income |
$ 6.39 |
$ 7.40 |
5.88 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents represent highly liquid investments with
maturities of three months or less when purchased.
Inventory Valuation
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market with cost
determined principally on the first-in, first-out ("FIFO") method
except for certain steel inventories used by the Water
Transmission Group that are valued using the last-in, first-out
("LIFO") method. Significant changes in steel levels or costs could
materially impact the Company's financial statements. Reserves
are established for excess, obsolete and rework inventories based
on estimates of salability and forecasted future demand.
Joint Ventures
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures or affiliates ("joint
ventures") over which the Company has significant influence are
accounted for under the equity method of accounting, whereby the
investment is carried at the cost of acquisition, plus the Company's
equity in undistributed earnings or losses since acquisition.
Investments in joint ventures over which the Company does not
have the ability to exert significant influence over the investees'
operating and financing activities are accounted for under the cost
method of accounting. The Company's investment in TAMCO, a
steel mini-mill in California, is accounted for under the equity
method. Investments in Ameron Saudi Arabia, Ltd. and
Bondstrand, Ltd. are accounted for under the cost method due to
Management's current assessment of the Company's influence over
these joint ventures.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Items capitalized as property, plant and equipment, including
improvements to existing facilities, are recorded at cost. Construction
in progress represents capital expenditures incurred for assets not yet
placed in service.Capitalized interest was not material for the periods
presented. Depreciation is computed principally using the straightline
method based on estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold
improvements are amortized over the shorter of the life of the
improvement or the term of the lease.Useful lives are as follows:
|
Useful Lives in Years |
|
| Buildings |
10-40 |
| Machinery and equipment |
|
| |
Autos, trucks and trailers |
3-8 |
| |
Cranes and tractors |
5-15 |
| |
Manufacturing equipment |
3-15 |
| Other |
3-20 |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over periods
ranging from three to 15 years.
The cost of an acquired business is allocated to the acquired net
assets based on the estimated fair values at the date of acquisition.
The excess of the cost of an acquired business over the aggregate fair
value is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is not amortized, but
instead tested for impairment at least annually. Such tests require
Management to make estimates about future cash flows and other
factors to determine the fair value of the respective assets.
The Company reviews the recoverability of intangible and other
long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets may
not be recoverable. If the estimated, future,undiscounted cash flows
from the use of an asset are less than its carrying value, a writedown
is recorded to reduce the related asset to estimated fair value.
Self Insurance
The Company typically utilizes third-party insurance subject to
varying retention levels (deductibles or self insurance) and
aggregate limits. The Company is self insured for a portion of the
losses and liabilities primarily associated with workers'
compensation claims and general, product and vehicle liability.
Losses are accrued based upon the Company's estimates of the
aggregate liability for claims incurred using historical experience
and certain actuarial assumptions followed in the insurance
industry. The estimate of self insurance liability includes an
estimate of incurred but not reported claims, based on data
compiled from historical experience.
Foreign Currency Translation
The functional currencies for the Company's foreign operations
are the applicable local currencies. The translation from the
applicable foreign currencies to U.S. dollars is performed for
balance sheet accounts using current exchange rates in effect at
the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts
using a weighted-average exchange rate during the period. The
resulting translation adjustments are recorded in accumulated
other comprehensive income/(loss). Translation adjustments
arising from intercompany advances that are permanent in nature
are also included in accumulated other comprehensive income/
(loss). Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency
transactions are included in other income, net.
Derivative Financial Instruments and Risk Management
The Company operates internationally, giving rise to exposure to
market risks from changes in foreign exchange rates.From time to
time, derivative financial instruments, primarily foreign exchange
contracts, are used by the Company to reduce those risks. The
Company does not hold or issue financial or derivative financial
instruments for trading or speculative purposes. As of November
30, 2008 and 2007, the Company had foreign currency forward
contracts with an aggregate fair value of $63,000 and $2,000,
respectively. The Company does not apply hedge accounting for
these derivative financial instruments. These derivatives are not
designated as hedges for accounting purposes. Net changes in fair
values of the underlying instruments are recognized in earnings.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value of financial instruments, other than long-term debt
or derivatives, approximates the carrying value because of the
short-term nature of such instruments.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that subject the Company to credit risk
consist primarily of cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, and
forward foreign exchange contracts. The Company records an
allowance for doubtful accounts based on historical experience and
expected trends. Credit risk with respect to trade accounts
receivable is generally distributed over a large number of entities
comprising the Company's customer base and is geographically
dispersed. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its
customers, maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts and, in
certain instances, maintains credit insurance. The Company
actively evaluates the creditworthiness of the financial institutions
with which it conducts business. If the financial condition of the
Company’s customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an inability to
make payment, additional allowances may be required.
Stock-Based Compensation
Effective December 1, 2005, the Company adopted Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123 (revised 2004),
“Share-Based Payments,” using the Modified Prospective
Application method. SFAS No. 123 (R) requires the Company to
measure all employee stock-based compensation awards using
the fair-value method and to record such expense in its
consolidated financial statements as described in Note 13, herein.
Under the Modified Prospective Application method, financial
results for the prior periods have not been adjusted.
Other Comprehensive Loss
The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss at
November 30,were as follows:
| (In thousands) |
|
2008 |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
| |
Before Tax |
Tax
Benefit |
Net of Tax |
|
Before Tax |
Tax
Benefit |
Net of Tax |
|
| Foreign currency translation adjustment |
(3,732) |
- |
(3,732) |
|
8,128 |
$ 8,128 |
8,128 |
| Comprehensive loss from TAMCO |
(2,025) |
- |
(2,025) |
|
(1,146) |
(1,146) |
(1,146) |
| Defined benefit pension plans: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Net actuarial loss |
(45,010) |
21,322 |
(23,688) |
|
(24,626) |
(6,035) |
(15,022) |
| Net prior service cost |
(2,312) |
282 |
(2,030) |
|
(3,000) |
(10,817) |
(1,830) |
| |
|
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
$ (53,079) |
$ 21,604 |
$ (31,475) |
|
$ (20,644) |
$ 10,774 |
$ (9,870) |
New Accounting Pronouncements
In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income
Taxes - an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109.” FIN No. 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an entity’s
financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109 and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for financial statement
disclosure of tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. The minimum threshold is defined in FIN No. 48 as a tax position that
is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the applicable taxing authority, including resolution of any related appeals or
litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefit to be recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit
that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. FIN No. 48 must be applied to all existing tax positions upon
initial adoption. The cumulative effect of applying FIN No. 48 at adoption is to be reported as an adjustment to beginning retained earnings for
the year of adoption. FIN No. 48 was effective for the first quarter of the Company’s 2008 fiscal year. Prior to December 1, 2007, the Company
recorded reserves related to uncertain tax positions as a current liability. Upon adoption of FIN No. 48, the Company reclassified tax reserves
related to uncertain tax positions for which a cash payment was not expected within the next 12 months to noncurrent liabilities. The Company’s
adoption of FIN No. 48 did not require a cumulative adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value
Measurements.” SFAS No. 157 establishes a framework for
measuring fair value in accordance with U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles, and expands disclosure about fair value
measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements
issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Relative
to SFAS No. 157, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) FASB
Statements (“FAS”) 157-1, FAS 157-2 and FAS 157-3 in 2008. FSP
FAS 157-1 amends SFAS No. 157 to exclude SFAS No. 13,“Accounting
for Leases,” and its related interpretive accounting pronouncements
that address leasing transactions. FSP FAS 157-2 delays the effective
date of SFAS No. 157 to fiscal years beginning after November 15,
2008 for all non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except
those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial
statements on a recurring basis. FSP FAS 157-3 clarifies how SFAS
No. 157 should be applied when valuing securities in markets that
are not active. The Company adopted SFAS No. 157, as amended,
effective December 1, 2007 with the exception of the application of
SFAS No. 157 to non-recurring non-financial assets and nonfinancial
liabilities. The adoption of SFAS No. 157 did not have a
significant impact on the Company’s financial results of operations
or financial position. Further information about the application of
SFAS No. 157 may be found in Note (19), herein.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158, "Employers’
Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement
Plans," amending FASB Statement No. 87, “Employers’ Accounting
for Pensions,” FASB Statement No. 88, “Employers’ Accounting for
Settlements and Curtailments of Defined Benefit Pension Plans and
for Termination Benefits,” FASB Statement No. 106, “Employers’
Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions,” and
FASB Statement No. 132, “Employers’ Disclosures about Pensions
and Other Postretirement Benefits.” SFAS No. 158 requires
companies to recognize the overfunded or underfunded status of a
defined benefit postretirement plan (other than a multiemployer
plan) as an asset or liability in its financial statements and to
recognize changes in that status in the year in which the changes
occur. SFAS No. 158 also requires a company to measure the funded
status of a plan as of the date of its year-end financial statements.
The Company adopted the recognition provisions of SFAS No. 158 in
2008. See Note (16), herein, for information regarding the impact of
adopting the recognition provisions of SFAS No. 158. The Company
has not yet adopted the measurement provisions which are not
effective until 2009. The Company is evaluating whether the
adoption of the measurement provision of SFAS No. 158 will have a
material effect on its consolidated financial statements.
In September 2006, the FASB issued Emerging Issues Task Force
(“EITF”) Issue No. 06-4, “Accounting for Deferred Compensation
and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split-Dollar
Life Insurance Arrangements,” effective for fiscal years beginning
after December 15, 2007. EITF Issue No. 06-4 requires that, for splitdollar
life insurance arrangements providing a benefit to an
employee extending to postretirement periods, an employer should
recognize a liability for future benefits in accordance with SFAS No.
106, “Employers’ Accounting For Postretirement Benefits Other
Than Pensions.” EITF Issue No. 06-4 requires that recognition of the
effects of adoption should be either by (a) a change in accounting
principle through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained
earnings as of the beginning of the year of adoption or (b) a change
in accounting principle through retrospective application to all prior
periods. The Company is evaluating whether the adoption of EITF
Issue No. 06-4 will have a material effect on its consolidated
financial statements. The Company will adopt EITF Issue No. 06-4 in the first quarter of the fiscal year beginning December 1, 2008.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value
Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” SFAS No. 159
allows an entity the irrevocable option to elect fair value for the
initial and subsequent measurement for certain financial assets and
liabilities on a contract-by-contract basis. SFAS No. 159 also
provides companies the opportunity to mitigate volatility in
reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities
differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting
provisions. SFAS No. 159 was adopted by the Company as of
December 1, 2007. The Company irrevocably elected not to exercise
the fair value option. The adoption of SFAS No. 159 did not have a
material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In June 2007, the FASB issued EITF Issue No. 06-11,“Accounting for
Income Tax Benefits of Dividends on Share-Based Payment Awards,”
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007. EITF
Issue No. 06–11 requires on a prospective basis that the tax benefit
related to dividend equivalents paid on restricted stock and
restricted stock units which are expected to vest, be recorded as an
increase to additional paid-in capital. The adoption of EITF Issue
No. 06-11 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s
consolidated financial statements. The Company will adopt EITF
Issue No. 06-11 in the first quarter of the fiscal year beginning
December 1, 2008.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), “Business
Combinations.” SFAS No. 141(R) amends accounting and reporting
standards associated with business combinations and requires the
acquiring entity to recognize the assets acquired, liabilities assumed
and noncontrolling interests in the acquired entity at the date of
acquisition at their fair values. In addition, SFAS No. 141(R)
requires that direct costs associated with an acquisition be expensed
as incurred and sets forth various other changes in accounting and
reporting related to business combinations. SFAS No. 141(R)
applies prospectively to business combinations for which the
acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual
reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. An
entity may not apply SFAS No. 141(R) before that date. The first
such reporting period for the Company will be the fiscal year
beginning December 1, 2009.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling
Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of
ARB No. 51.” SFAS No. 160 amends the accounting and reporting for
noncontrolling interests in a consolidated subsidiary and the
deconsolidation of a subsidiary. Included in this statement is the
requirement that noncontrolling interests be reported in the equity
section of the balance sheet. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years,
and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after
December 15, 2008. Earlier adoption is prohibited. The first such
reporting period for the Company will be the fiscal year beginning
December 1, 2009.
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – an amendment of
FASB Statement No. 133,” effective for fiscal years beginning after
November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. SFAS No.
161 amends and expands the disclosure requirements for derivative
instruments and hedging activities by requiring enhanced
disclosures about how and why the Company uses derivative
instruments, how derivative instruments and related hedged items
are accounted for, and how derivative instruments and related
hedged items affect the Company’s financial position, financial
performance and cash flows. The adoption of SFAS No. 161 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated
financial statements. The Company will adopt SFAS No. 161 in the
first quarter of the fiscal year beginning December 1, 2008.
In June 2008, the FASB issued FSP EITF 03-6-1, “Determining
Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment
Transactions Are Participating Securities,”which addresses whether
unvested instruments granted in share-based payment transactions
that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend
equivalents are participating securities subject to the two-class
method of computing earnings per share under SFAS No. 128,
“Earnings Per Share.” FSP EITF 03-6-1 is effective for financial
statements issued for fiscal years, and interim periods within those
fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Earlier
adoption is prohibited. The adoption of FSP EITF 03-6-1 is not
expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated
financial statements.
In December 2008, the FASB issued EITF Issue No. 08-6, “Equity
Method Investment Accounting Consideration,” effective for fiscal
years beginning after December 15, 2008. EITF Issue No. 08-6
requires an equity method investor to account for its initial
investment at cost and shall not separately test an investee’s
underlying indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment. It also
requires an equity method investor to account for share issuance by
an investee as if the investor had sold a proportionate share of its
investment. The resulting gain or loss shall be recognized in
earnings. The Company is evaluating whether the adoption of EITF
Issue No. 08-6 will have a material effect on its consolidated
financial statements.
In December 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 132(R)-1, “Employers’
Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets,” amending
FASB Statement No. 132(R),“Employers’ Disclosures about Pensions
and Other Postretirement Benefits,” effective for fiscal years ending
after December 15, 2009. FSP FAS 132(R)-1 requires an employer to
disclose investment policies and strategies, categories, fair value
measurements, and significant concentration of risk among its
postretirement benefit plan assets. The adoption of FSP FAS
132(R)-1 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s
consolidated financial statements.
| Supplemental Cash Flow Information |
| (In thousands) |
2008 |
2007 |
2006 |
|
|
|
|
| Interest paid |
$ 3,256 |
$ 3,996 |
$ 4,891 |
| Income taxes paid |
14,862 |
18,687 |
9,663 |
Business Acquisitions
The Company made no acquisitions in the fiscal year ending
November 30, 2008. In October 2007, the Company acquired the
business of Polyplaster, Ltda. (“Polyplaster”) for $5,977,000 plus an
earn out that could total $1,500,000 based on the post-acquisition
performance of the acquired business. The purchase price was
assigned primarily to property, plant and equipment, and inventory.
Results of operations would not have been significantly different
had the acquisition been completed at the beginning of periods
presented. Polyplaster is a fiberglass-pipe manufacturer located in
Betim, Brazil, near the city of Belo Horizonte which supplies
polyester, fiberglass-pipe systems to the water, wastewater and
industrial markets. This acquisition expands the Company’s
operations in South America. In 2006, the Company acquired the
assets of Tubos Y Activos (“Tubos”), a steel fabrication operation
located in Mexicali,Mexico, for $989,000. Polyplaster is included in the Fiberglass-Composite Pipe Group; Tubos is included in the
Water Transmission Group.
|